Research on Temperature of Left and Right Points of Dysmenorrhea Rats with Cold Stagnation Syndrome and Effects of Moxibustion Intervention / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the surface area temperature of dysmenorrhea rats with cold stagnation syndrome; To compare the different effects of Sanyinjiao (SP6) and Guanyuan (RN4).Methods Forty female SD rats were randomized into control group, model group, Sanyinjiao (SP6) group, and Guanyuan (RN4) group, 12 rats in each group. Whole body freezing method combined with estradiol benzoate injection was used to establish models. Sanyinjiao (SP6) group and Guanyuan (RN4) group received moxibustion at corresponding points for 3 times after modeling. Infrared thermal imaging was used to measure the skin temperature at the surface projection area of Sanyinjiao (SP6) and Xuehai (SP10) and Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines before and after moxibustion.Results Compared with control group, the temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines significantly increased in model group 5-30 min after moxibustion (P<0.05). 30 min after moxibustion, the temperature of right Sanyinjiao significantly decreased in other three groups (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines significantly decreased after 5-30 min in Sanyinjiao group (P<0.05), while Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines significantly decreased after 10-30 min in Guanyuan group (P<0.05). Comparison between two moxibustion groups, the influence of Sanyinjiao group to temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines was earlier than Guanyuan group (P<0.05).Conclusion Moxbustion can decrease the temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines and ease the imbalance. And the influence of moxbustion SP6 to temperature gap between double sides of Sanyinjiao-Xuehai lines is earlier than moxibustion RN4.

Effect of Acupuncture at Guanyuan (CV4) on Writhing Response and Vasomotor Substances in Rats with Dysmenorrhea Due to Coagulated Cold Syndrome / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the analgesic effect of acupuncture at Guanyuan (CV4) and its effect on vasomotor substances in rats with dysmenorrhea due to coagulated cold syndrome. Method The coagulated-cold dysmenorrhea rat model was developed by Estrodiol benzoate and Oxytocin injectin plus physical freezing. The writhing response (writhing latency, writhing frequency, and writhing score) was observed, and the contents of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1a were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result Compared with the saline water group, the writhing latency was significantly shortened, the writhing frequency was significantly increased, and the writhing score was more significantly increased in the model group (P0.05) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the content of plasma 6-keto-PGF1a showed an increasing tendency (P>0.05) and the content of plasma TXB2 showed a decreasing tendency (P>0.05) in the acupuncture group. Conclusion The vasomotor substances are obviously disordered in the blood of cold-coagulated dysmenorrhea rat models. Acupuncture at Guanyuan can improve the writhing response and release pain, and meanwhile positively regulate the vasomotor substances such as TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1a. The vasomotor substances are plausibly one of the major substances in the action of acupuncture in preventing and treating dysmenorrhea.

How to determine the qi arrival and its strength in clinical research / 中国针灸

Qi arrival is the meridian qi response to acupuncture stimulation. Through analyzing the relevant concepts of qi arrival and summarizing the general understanding of it in clinic and on the basis of the collection of the relevant literature at home and abroad on the determination of qi arrival and its strength, the characteristics are analyzed on the present method and the method for the determination of qi arrival and its strength is discussed in terms of the results in the needling sensation scale. It is believed that the needling sensation and its strength can be used to determine whether the qi is arrived or not and its strength. The components of different types of needling sensation are much better applicable for the analysis on the characteristics and rules on the influence on qi arrival. This method is in compliance not only with the theoretic connotation of qi arrival, but also with the clinical general understanding, which lays the foundation for the analysis on the scale results.

Analysis on regulating deqi in the ancient works of the late dynasties / 中国针灸

From the time of Neijing (Internal Classic) and Nanjing (Classic of Medical Problems) till the end of Qing dynasty, the medical scholars of each dynasty had taken the recognition of deqi as the subject in the stud- ies. Through the historical analysis, the content of regulating deqi was further understood in relevant ancient liter- ature. By checking the ancient works of acupuncture in each dynasty till the end of Qing dynasty, in reference to the evidences in over 10 works, such as Zhenjiu Dacheng (Great Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion) , Zhenjing Zhinan (Instruction of Acupuncture Canon), Zhenjiu Daquan, and in association with the academic views of acupuncture masters in modern time, it was discovered that the medical scholars after the time of Neijing and Nanjing had enriched the understandings of deqi, such as the connection of cold and heat reaction, radiation to the affected site, reinforcing and reducing purpose in qi regulation. The methods of deqi regulations had, been explored till the end of Qing dynasty since the time of Neijing and Nanjing and the understandings of it were vari- ous among scholars.

Analysis of the Relation between Uterine Position and the Effect of Sanyinjiao (SP6) in Patients with Primary Dysmenorrhea / 上海针灸杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the relation between the uterine position and acupoint effect by analyzing the data of a clinical trial of electroacupuncture in treating primary dysmenorrhea.MethodThe uterine position was detected by ultrasonic examination;Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the pain degree before and after intervention; Retrospective Symptom Scale (RSS) was adopted to determine the improvement of symptoms.ResultThere were no significant differences in comparing the VAS score, real-time effect and post-treatment effect, and effective rate among different uterine positions (P>0.05). Electroacupuncture at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) can produce a real-time effect in releasing abdominal pain and relevant symptoms of dysmenorrhea in patients with anteversion of uterus, a less significant effect was shown in patients with retroposition of uterus, while no effect was shown in patients with uterus at middle position.ConclusionElectroacupuncture at Sanyinjiao possibly has a specific effect in releasing abdominal pain and relevant symptoms of dysmenorrhea at anteversion of uterus, and the uterine position may be related to the corresponding meridians and Zang-fu organs. The current statistical result indicates that there is no relation between the uterine position and the effect of Sanyinjiao, but this conclusion still needs proving by prospective randomized controlled clinicaltrials.

Thinking of the Qualitative and Quantitative Measurement of Needling Qi / 上海针灸杂志

Acupuncture-moxibustion theory believes that needling sensation is a crucial factor in influencing acupuncture efficacy. Judgment of occurrence of needling qi (qualitative measurement) and the intensity of needling qi (quantitative measurement) is the key section in studying the relationship between needling qi and efficacy. According to the relevant literatures, the judgment of the occurrence of needling qi mostly depended on the needling sensations, while a small amount of researches mentioned self-determined threshold or range of needling qi; the quantity of needling qi was measured by factor analysis, Massachusetts General Hospital Acupuncture Sensation Scale (MASS) based on exponential smoothing method, weighted average, addition of needling sensation score, etc. This article holds that the needling qi should be divided into two parts: overall needling qi and needling sensation components, the former referring to the occurrence and intensity of needling qi, and the latter for judging the different sensations and intensity. Currently, the studies on needling qi and efficacy should begin with single treatment at single point and multiple treatments at multiple points, to generally estimate the quality and quantity of needling qi, for seeking a qualitative and quantitative measurement in accordance with both acupuncture-moxibustion theory and clinical practice.

Quantification of Deqi (arrival of qi) by Short-latency Somatosensory Evoked Potentials：A Randomized Crossover Controlled Trial Plan / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To explore the feasibility of using short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SLSEP) to quantitate Deqi.Methods A randomized crossover controlled trial was carried out. Healthy subjects were enrolled and allocated to treatment (thick needle, deep insertion and manipulation for Deqi) and control (thin needle, shallow insertion and no manipulation without Deqi) groups. Somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded before, during and after acupuncture. Deqi was assessed using the score scale in the subjets. The effects of Deqi and no Deqi at point Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on the potentials were observed.Results The preliminary exploration of the feasibility by the trial test showed that the effect of Deqi on short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials had certain regularity. It was worthy to be observed.Conclusion The plan is feasible. The formal test can be conducted.

Effect of Different Acupuncture Stimuli on Uterine Micro-circulation and Circulation-related Substances of Dysmenorrheal Rats with Cold Stagnation Syndrome / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To explore the effect of different acupuncture stimuli on uterine micro-circulation of dysmenorrheal rats with cold stagnation syndrome. Methods Totally 32 three-month old female SD rats in diestrus were randomly divided into saline control group, model group, A stimuli group, and B stimuli group, 8 rats in each group. Model group and treatment groups were given whole body freezing combined with estradiol benzoate injection method to establish models. A stimuli group was given deep puncture with manipulation, while B stimuli group was treated by shallow puncture without manipulation. Diameter of uterine capillary,micro-vessel, TXB2, and 6-keto-PGF1αlevels were observed in each group. Results Compared with the saline group, capillary diameter in model group was significantly reduced at 5, 10, 20, 30 min time point (P<0.01);micro-vascular diameter was significantly reduced at 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 min time point (P<0.01);plasma 6-keto-PGF1α levels decreased (P<0.01);TXB2/6-keto-PGF1αincreased significantly (P<0.01). Compared with model group, capillary diameter in A stimuli group enlarged at 5, 10, 20, 30 min time point (P<0.05), micro-vascular diameter dilated at 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 min time point (P <0.01), plasma 6-keto-PGF1α level increased (P <0.05), TXB2/6-keto-PGF1αdecreased significantly (P<0.05);micro-vascular diameter in B stimuli group dilated at 20, 30 min time point (P<0.05), plasma TXB2/6-keto-PGF1α decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with B stimuli group, capillary diameter in A stimuli group dilated at 5, 10, 20, 30 min time point (P<0.05) and micro-vascular diameter dilated at 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 min time point significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion Dysmenorrheal rats with cold stagnation syndrome show obvious disorder of the uterus micro-circulation and circulation related substances. Both A and B acupuncture stimuli improved uterus micro-circulation of dysmenorrheal rats with cold stagnation syndrome, and its mechanism may be related to the recovery the balance between TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α.

Effects ofn eedling different acupoints on skin temperature in SP6, SP10 and CV4 in the rat model of oc ld con gae ling and dysmenorrhea / 医学研究生学报

Objective Infrared thermal imaging can be applied to the diagnosis and auxiliary diagnosis of some diseases . The aim of this study is to explore acupuncture-induced changes in skin temperature in acupoint areas and whether skin temperature in -creases or decreases in the acupoint areas along meridians . Methods Thirty two female SD rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups:saline control,cold congealing and dysmenorrhea model , Sanyinjiao (SP6), and Guanyuan( CV4).Models were es-tablished in the latter three groups by subcutaneous injection of estradiol benzoate at 0.5 mg for 10 successive days and , 1hour after the last administration , intraperitoneal injection of oxytocin at 2 U, followed by exposure of the rats to-25℃in a freezer 4 hours a day for 5 days.Meanwhile , the control rats received normal saline only and were not exposed to low temperature .Infrared thermal imaging was used to measure the skin temperature at the acupoint areas of SP6, Xuehai (SP10), and CV4 before and at 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min after needling . R esults At 0 to 5 min after nee-dling, the skin temperature of the left SP6 and right SP10 was signifi-cantly decreased in both the SP6 and CV4 groups ( [ -0. 56 ± 0.22]℃and [-0.48 ±0.11]℃, P0.05). Conclusion The skin temperature of SP6 and SP10 can be regulated by needling both the acupoints of SP 6 and CV4.The increase in the skin temperature of the right SP6 and SP10 in the SP6 group and no change in the CV 4 group indicated dynamic temperature changes in the acupoint area along the meridian after needling.